EFFECTS OF NATURAL HONEY ON MODIFIABLE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE PAKISTANI INDIVIDUALS

Abstract

Objective: Assess The Effect Of Natural Honey On The Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Overweight And Obese Individuals. Study design: Open labeled experimental study convenience sampling. Setting: Isra University, Karachi Campus, Pakistan, during April 2016 to May 2016. Subjects were enrolled from family members, friends and hospital staff Methods: A total of 50 subjects overweight or obese fulfilling WHO South Asian criteria were divided into two groups, 30in the honey group and 20 in the control group. Seventy grams honey in 250 milliliters of water was consumed in the fasting state for 30 days, 27 subjects completed the study period. Fasting glucose, BMI, WC, BP,, TL, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, VLDL, TG, NHDL-C , TC: HDL-C Ratio, LDLC: HDL-C Ratio and TG: HDL-C Ratios were measured at baseline and day 31 Results: There was a reduction in mean WC 93.93±9.57 to 91.26±9.07 p value< 0.006 (95%CI87.67-94.85), BMI Improved obese n=11 (40.74%) subjects to n=8(29.62%) p value< 0.000. and normal to overweight in 19 (70.37%), mean fasting blood sugar reduced from mean 95.78±9.60 to 92.26±10.92,P< value 0.034 (95% CI 87.94-96.58),both systolic and diastolic blood pressures reduced P value< 0.005 (CI107.74-120.46)and P value <0.0446-78.95) respectively. Hypertension normalized in n=2 (7.46%) p-value<0.024, T Lreduced from mean670.22±256.65 to 620.04±210.82 p< value 0.015(95% C I 536.64-703.43) and at end of 30 days was normal in n=23 (85.18%) p value <0.002.TG were normal to borderline in n=24(88.8%) p value< 0.000. The TC was normal in 24(88.9%) and borderline in 3(11.11%) at the end of 30days and none of the patients remained in high group p value<0.005. Mean TC reduced P value <0.037 (95%CI 168.16-187.7) from 187.07±32.88 to177.96±24.77 The LDL- C was normal to borderline in all n=27 (100%) p value< 0.000..The NHDL-C at the end of 30days was normal inn=21 (77.8%) at end of study compared to n=17(62.96%) at the baseline no patient was in the high group p value<0.000, The HDL- C was normal to desirable in n=11(40.74%) p value< 0.019.In the control group lacked improvements in all parameters. Conclusion: Natural honey significantly reduced BMI, WC, fasting blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and, hypertension. TG, TC, TL, LDLC, and NHDL-C. HDL-C did not show a dramatic increase. HDL-Csub types exist in ethnic groups. NHDL-C has emerged as a predictor of CVD risk in South Asian race.